Bolsonaro has been arrested after authorities found he posed a serious risk of fleeing while under home confinement.
The ex-president was found guilty of plotting a armed takeover in last fall and handed more than over two decades in prison, but he was staying under house arrest pending legal challenges.
High Court Judge Alexandre de Moraes said the move to detain the septuagenarian politician was a preventative measure after recent developments came to light.
This involved attempting to break his electronic bracelet and a invitation to a demonstration that could enable a potential flight.
In a paperwork permitting the custody, the judge said data from the centre monitoring Bolsonaro's house arrest suggested the one-time head of state's plan to remove the electronic ankle bracelet to secure accomplishment in his escape.
This, it said, would be made easier by the confusion caused by the gathering called by his son.
His offspring, Flávio Bolsonaro, who holds office as a legislator, called for a assembly of his followers near his father's house to take place on Saturday night.
Flávio Bolsonaro wrote on online platforms on the previous day: Do you plan to struggle for your nation, or see it all from your mobile device there on your settee? I urge you to fight with us."
He said the gathering would be so backers could offer prayers for his health and for the return of democracy in our nation."
Part of Justice Moraes's ruling was the possibility of Bolsonaro's move to foreign missions near the home, considering that the probes revealed a background of organizing to request asylum through a consular facility", a announcement said.
The legal document highlights that the American diplomatic mission in the federal district, Brasilia, is positioned around 8 miles from Bolsonaro's home.
His judicial problems have provoked anger from fellow populist conservative American leader President Trump, prompting him to impose a half-rate duty on imports of Brazilian goods.
Bolsonaro is being detained in a national police facility in the capital and will experience a imprisonment assessment on Sunday.
It was only on Friday that the his legal team asked the Supreme Court to authorize him to fulfill his full incarceration period under domestic detention, with electronic monitoring.
They also asked that Bolsonaro be authorized to exit his dwelling for medical care, saying he required frequent medical attention for lung conditions and other ailments.
He was determined responsible of heading a scheme aimed at retaining his authority after he lost the presidential race to his political opponent, President Lula.
Top judicial officials said that he had knowledge of a plot which included plans to kill his opponent and his VP candidate, Geraldo Alckmin, and to imprison and murder Justice Moraes - the top judicial official who has been managing the former president's case.
The conspiracy was thwarted because it failed to get the backing of the military leaders. Lula was inaugurated without issue on January 1st, 2023.
But a following week, on 8 January, numerous Bolsonaro supporters attacked and damaged government buildings in the capital, the capital city.
The police intervened and around approximately 1,500 persons were taken into custody.
The justices found that the protesters had been incited by the former president whose scheme, they said, was for the country's army to take action, reestablish control and bring him back to power.
At the time, Bolsonaro's lawyers called the decades-long sentence extremely harsh.
He was also barred from seeking elected position until 2060 - eight years after the conclusion of his imprisonment.
The one-time head of state called the trial a targeted investigation" and said it was designed to prevent him running in the next presidential race.
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